以及 Bordwell, et al., The Classical Hollywood Cinema ， 第二十三 章 有關 向 有聲 電影 過渡 的 討論 。 ● 8 參見 N. R. Danelian, AT&T : The Story of Industrial Conquest, New York : Vangard, 1939 ; Janet Wasko, Movies and Money : Financing the American Film Industry, Norwood, N.J. : Ablex, 1982, pp. 60-9 。 ● 9Wasko, Movies and Money, pp. 77-97. ● 10Erik Barnouw, The Golden Web, New York : Oxford Press, 1968, p. 103. ● 11Michelle Hilmes, Hollywood and Broadcasting : From Radio to Cable, Urbana, Ill. : University of Illinois Press, 1990, p. 7. ● 12 同 上 ， pp. 33-5 ; Gomery, " The Coming of Sound, " p. 130. ● 13Hilmes, Hollywood and Broadcasting, p. 36. ● 14Jonathan Buchsbaum, " Zukor Buys Protection : The Paramount Stock Purchase of 1929, " Cine-Tracts, no. 8, Summer-Fall 1979. ● 15Hilmes, Hollywood and Broadcasting, pp. 55-70. ● 16 參見 Arthur Knight, The Liveliest Art, New York : Macmillan, 1957, p. 292 ; Garth Jowett, Film : The Democratic Art, Boston : Little Brown, 1975, p. 349. ● 17Hilmes, Hollywood and Broadcasting, p. 72. 4748 ● 18Douglas Gomery, " Failed Opportunities : The Integration of the US Motion